In medical dosages, what does the term "PO" refer to?

The term "PO" in medical dosages refers to "per os," which is a Latin phrase meaning "by mouth." This signifies that a medication is to be taken orally. When a medication is administered PO, it is typically ingested in pill, liquid, or capsule form, and then metabolized through the gastrointestinal system before entering the bloodstream. This method is one of the most common routes of medication administration due to its convenience and ease of use.

The other options represent different routes of administration. Intravenous refers to medications given directly into the bloodstream, intramuscular indicates injections into muscle tissue, and subcutaneous refers to injections made under the skin, often used for medications that require slower absorption. Understanding these different routes, including PO, is crucial for safe medication administration and ensuring that patients receive their treatments effectively.